2005年12月22日 Nature中文摘要
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  • 2005年12月22日 Nature中文摘要

  • 点击:    作者:   来源: 日期:2006-11-11    本站论坛
Volume 438 Number 7071 pp1051-1190


封面故事:舞蹈、身材与求偶

跳舞是人类求偶过程中一个常见现象。那么跳舞只是为了好玩还是在传递潜在的信息呢?研究人员在牙买加人中对这个问题进行了研究,因为对牙买加人来说,跳舞对两性都很重要。舞蹈所传达的一个信息可能是身材的匀称程度,这个参数通常在演化研究中被用来度量发育的稳定性,进而来评价遗传的质量。用运动捕捉摄像机来生成视频图像的一项研究显示,在匀称性和跳舞能力之间存在强烈正相关。这个效应对男子比对女子更强,相对来说,女子更喜欢身材匀称的男子跳舞。这种关系是双向的,因为身材匀称的男子比身材不太匀称的男子更看重跳舞的女子身材是否匀称。所以至少在牙买加,舞蹈似乎是一个与异性之间相互选择有关的问题,它能显示关于舞者的重要信息。


极地食草动物生物钟失灵

动物和植物在演化过程中形成了一个体内生物钟,这个生物钟利用白天和夜晚的明、暗周期来同步行为和生理功能每天的节律。这种节律只是一种适应性的表现、目的是很好地利用白天和夜晚的明暗条件,还是对一种生物体正常发挥功能来说很重要的一个每天的活动周期?生活在北极圈内高纬度地区的驯鹿的行为为这个问题提供了一个答案。在这里,太阳夏天从不降落,冬天从不升起,极地生物每年在春季和秋季能体验到为期只有几个星期的一个白天和夜晚周期。在这样的条件下,驯鹿完全失去了每天有节奏的活动。至少对极地的食草动物来说,这种情况在维持生物节律的组织方面几乎没有选择优势,因为在这种地方,维持生物节律既没有必要,也没有作用。


“走出非洲”假说受到质疑

多年来占主流地位、引发公众无限遐想的人类演化理论被称为“走出非洲”。这个理论假设人属动物起源于非洲,被划分为H. ergaster 或 H. erectus的一种早期形式是大约180万年前最先离开非洲的。根据这个假说,走出非洲后,他们在南亚定居,最终到达欧洲和更远的地方。但这种关于人类祖先从一个假设的起源中心往其他地方迁移的推测现在是否仍然符合事实呢?Robin Dennell 和 Wil Roebroeks认为并不是这样。他们认为,最近在乍得和整个亚洲发现的化石意味着,现在是构建一个符合虽然少见、但分布范围很广的原始人类化石记录的新模型的时候了。


关于曲霉菌基因组研究的三篇论文

全世界有超过300个实验室正在把名为“构巢曲霉菌”的真菌用做分子遗传学研究的一个模型体系,这种真菌的其他菌种在日常生活中也很重要。本期Nature发表的一组三篇基因组论文全面涵盖了曲霉菌研究领域。Galagan等人报告了实验室中的经典模型A. nidulans的基因组序列;Nierman等人测出了A. fumigatus的基因组序列(这种真菌主要是作为一种人类病原体和过敏源为人们所知的);Machida等人报告了对A. oryzae的基因组测序研究和分析结果,重点是该基因组中基因的表达(这个菌种的基因组要比前两个菌种的基因组几乎大25%)。A. oryzae用在中国和日本传统食物的发酵中(如酱油),也被生物技术专家用在酶生产中。


对火星水体证据的新解释

“火星勘测漫游车”“机遇号”降落地点的地表特征曾被作为火星上曾经有大量液态水的证据。但本期Nature上两个小组对降落地点“本初子午线平地”的分层结构和矿物组成提出了不同的解释,他们的解释不涉及由液态水组成的一个静止的水体。他们对在这个地点所观测到的地表特征的解释是,陨石碰撞和火山物质沉降产生了岩石碎片、盐和冰,这些东西再与冷凝后的含有二氧化硫和水的蒸气发生反应而形成涡流。(Article p. 1123; Letter p. 1129)火星上是否存在水仍然是一个有争议的话题,从本期Nature上关于这些研究论文的一篇“News and Views”文章就可以看出。


天文学上的“回光”反照

我们也许很快就能看到第谷和开普勒所曾经看到过的同样的光,但却要比他们晚400年。1940年,Fritz Zwicky(描述巨大恒星爆炸的“超新星”这个词就是他造出来的)提出,我们应当有可能在巨大恒星爆炸事件发生之后很多个世纪看到由历史上的超新星所发射出的回光。现在,来自“SuperMACHO调查”项目(该项目对“大麦哲伦云”中数百万恒星进行监测,研究与微重力透镜相关的发光现象)的数据表明,Zwicky的观点是对的。研究人员已经将回光追溯到了年轻超新星残体出现的三个位置,并估计出了其中两个回光的年龄分别为610年和410年。这个发现让我们看到了寻找从第谷和开普勒曾经观测过的我们自己的银河系中(“大麦哲伦云”是我们附近的一个星系)的超新星以及Cas A超新星所发射出的回光的前景。我们可以用分光镜对来自回光的光进行观测,以确定是什么类型的超新星发生了爆炸。


气溶胶对气候的影响

人类活动,主要是生物质燃烧和工业生产,会增加大气中被称为气溶胶的微粒的含量。因为气溶胶与太阳和热辐射发生相互作用,所以它们会对气候产生较大影响,但它们对大气的辐射效应的总和是多少仍然不确定。现在,研究人员利用最新卫星测量和模拟技术,对2002年陆地和海洋上由人类活动所产生的气溶胶的全球晴天辐射效应做出了估计。所估计出的净效应表明,气溶胶的变冷效应要比以前通过模拟估计出的结果更为强烈。因为大气中的气溶胶水平随着清洁空气政策的实行而继续降低,所以今后大气层的变暖程度可能会比目前所预测的更大。


四足动物祖先是怎样来到陆地的?

在第一个四足动物大约3.64亿年前到陆地上生活之前,它的鱼类祖先需要获得很多东西,包括腿和支持腿的结构,即束带。Panderichthys是四足动物关系最近的化石鱼类祖先,它的胸鳍(就是以后的前腿)和肩带是鱼类和四足动物之间的过渡结构。它的盆鳍(后腿)对了解鱼类是怎样从水里爬出来的非常重要,而现在,研究人员首次发现了一个有盆鳍及支撑它的骨盆的鱼化石。该发现表明,Panderichthys有可能是通过将其鳍支撑在地面上、将其身体往前拖动的方式来在地面上运动的,这种方式与今天能“走路”的鲶鱼相似。


少突细胞中也存在NMDA受体

少突细胞是中枢神经系统白质中的细胞,它们产生和维持髓磷脂鞘,后者隔离携带脉冲的轴突。在脑瘫、脊髓损伤、中风和多发性硬化等多种疾病中,它们被神经传输物质谷氨酸盐破坏。人们普遍认为,与主要被在NMDA受体上发挥作用的谷氨酸盐杀死的神经细胞不同的是,少突细胞缺少这些受体,它们只被在AMPA/kainate受体上发挥作用的谷氨酸盐杀死。这种观点曾经引导了治疗策略,但看来该观点所依赖的关于谷氨酸盐受体类型的假设可能错了。本期Nature上发表的三篇论文令人信服地表明,在少突细胞中存在NMDA受体,而且在受伤和患病情况下它们也参与对这些细胞造成损害。这一发现将使我们重新关注NMDA受体,把它们作为各种不同神经疾病的治疗方法中一个重要的药物作用目标。


植物生长的控制

在植物中,每个枝条端部的顶端分裂组织含有一组干细胞,它们在接到指令时可以繁殖和引导植物生长。现在,用拟南芥植物(携带分裂组织调控因子的可诱导突变)所做的微阵列比较实验,让我们看到了细胞分裂素等植物激素是怎样通过一个由转录激发因子和抑制因子构成的网络来与分裂组织进行通信的。研究发现,名为WUSCHEL的homeobox蛋白(人们知道它控制干细胞的命运)直接作用于一系列信号蛋白上(以前的研究表明这些信号蛋白参与细胞分裂素的信号作用),从而为维持顶端分裂组织的大小提供一个副的反馈环。



Editorials
AIDS at Christmas time p1051
The end of 2005 was supposed to mark the achievement of a critical goal in the treatment of HIV in poor countries. The goal hasn't been met, but it is now within sight.

doi:10.1038/4381051a

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A poor assessment p1051
Given Japan's strong scientific record, the country has a badly flawed research evaluation system.

doi:10.1038/4381051b

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A recipe for trouble p1052
A prestigious research agency should have thought twice before attaching its name to a diet book.

doi:10.1038/4381052a

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Top of pageResearch Highlights
Research highlights p1054
doi:10.1038/4381054a

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Top of pageNews
Korean scandal will have global fallout p1056
The possibility that Woo Suk Hwang's cloning experiments were faked threatens to undermine confidence in stem-cell research.

Erika Check and David Cyranoski

doi:10.1038/4381056a

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Where now for stem-cell cloners? p1058
Researchers assess their field after Woo Suk Hwang's revelations.

Erika Check

doi:10.1038/4381058a

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Dogged by doubts p1059
Questions raised over cloned puppy

David Cyranoski

doi:10.1038/4381059a

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India makes waves over tsunami warning system p1060
Will data to be shared be sufficient?

K. S. Jayaraman

doi:10.1038/4381060a

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Diet book attacked for its high-protein advice p1060
Critics question links with meat industry.

Carina Dennis

doi:10.1038/4381060b

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Sidelines p1061
doi:10.1038/4381061a

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The heat was on in 2005 p1062
Year is among the warmest ever recorded.

Robert Henson

doi:10.1038/4381062a

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News in brief p1063
doi:10.1038/4381063a

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Top of page2005 Gallery
First glimpse... p1064
Emma Marris

doi:10.1038/4381064a

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Top of pageNews Features
Alcohol and science: The party gene p1068
In the first of three Features looking at aspects of alcohol, Siëlle Gramser discovers how yeast first opened the floodgates of intoxication.

doi:10.1038/4381068a

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Alcohol and science: Saving the agave p1070
A decade ago, the tequila industry was pummelled by plant diseases. Rex Dalton meets the scientists working to keep the blue agave diverse enough to survive.

doi:10.1038/4381070a

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Alcohol and science: The grapes of rock p1073
Winemakers in the United States are increasingly calling on the services of geologists to help refine their products. Alexandra Witze meets the scientists who are treading a path to the past.

doi:10.1038/4381073a

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Top of pageBusiness
Merck opts for shake-up to clear drug pipeline p1076
The failure of the painkiller Vioxx and a lack of new products leaves the world's third-largest drug company in the lurch. Emma Marris reports.

doi:10.1038/4381076a

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In brief p1077
doi:10.1038/4381077a

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Market Watch p1077
Quirin Schiermeier

doi:10.1038/4381077b

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Top of pageCorrespondence
For quiet students, finding a voice is the first step towards taking a stand p1078
Peter Cheung

doi:10.1038/4381078a

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Animal culture is real but needs to be clearly defined p1078
Andrew Whiten

doi:10.1038/4381078b

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Women's efforts are more than a drop in the ocean p1078
Daniel Conley

doi:10.1038/4381078c

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Network aims to make maths count in Africa p1078
John Ball

doi:10.1038/4381078d

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Top of pageCommentary
Barriers to progress in systems biology p1079
For the past half-century, biologists have been uncovering details of countless molecular events. Linking these data to dynamic models requires new software and data standards, argue Marvin Cassman and his colleagues.

doi:10.1038/4381079a

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Top of pageBooks and Arts
Pulling the strings p1081
Mathematics holds the key to a unified theory of the Universe.

Michael Atiyah reviews Hiding in the Mirror: The Mysterious Allure of Extra Dimensions, from Plato to String Theory and Beyond by Lawrence M. Krauss

doi:10.1038/4381081a

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Bitesize breakthroughs p1082
Graham Farmelo reviews The Discoveries: Great Breakthroughs in 20th Century Science Including the Original Papers by Alan Lightman

doi:10.1038/4381082a

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A Titan of physics p1083
Owen Gingerich reviews Huygens: The Man Behind the Principle

doi:10.1038/4381083a

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Science in Culture p1084
A nativity scene painted by Hugo van der Goes bears a medical message.

Martin Kemp reviews

doi:10.1038/4381084a

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Top of pageEssays
Concept
Unravelling string theory p1085
String theory may provide the best clues yet about how to obtain a unified theory that describes all the laws of nature, but do we even understand what string theory is?

Edward Witten

doi:10.1038/4381085a

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The death of a star p1086
When Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar asked in his twenties, 'What happens to a massive star when it runs out of fuel?' he had little idea that it would take a generation of astronomers to find the answer.

Freeman Dyson

doi:10.1038/4381086a

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Top of pageNews and Views
Mars: The flow and ebb of water p1087
Information is pouring in about Mars. These are thrilling times for those who are proposing — and challenging — ideas about the chemical evolution of the planet and its potential for having harboured life.

Mark A. Bullock

doi:10.1038/4381087a

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Physics: Philately will get you everywhere p1089
Richard Webb

doi:10.1038/4381089a

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Molecular biology: Antagonizing the neighbours p1090
Nucleosomes bundle up the DNA in a cell's nucleus, wrapping it around a complex of histone proteins. Studies of histone modifications and the proteins that bind to them reveal a mechanism that may control this packing.

Joel C. Eissenberg and Sarah C. R. Elgin

doi:10.1038/4381090a

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Atmospheric physics: Reflections on aerosol cooling p1091
By changing the composition of Earth's atmosphere, human activity has both a warming and a cooling effect on the planet. According to new calculations, that latter influence is large, but it is likely to be declining.

Jim Coakley

doi:10.1038/4381091a

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50 & 100 years ago p1092
doi:10.1038/4381092a

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Genomics: Multiple moulds p1092
Three species of Aspergillus fungi are the latest organisms to have their genome sequenced. Comparison of the genomes sheds light on, among other things, what endows them with pathogenic or beneficial features.

André Goffeau

doi:10.1038/4381092b

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Obituary: Richard E. Smalley (1943–2005) p1094
Chemist and champion of nanotechnology.

Robert F. Curl

doi:10.1038/4381094a

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Top of pageBrief Communications
Circadian organization in reindeer p1095
These Arctic animals abandon their daily rhythms when it is dark all day or light all night.

Bob E. H. van Oort, Nicholas J. C. Tyler, Menno P. Gerkema, Lars Folkow, Arnoldus Schytte Blix and Karl-Arne Stokkan

doi:10.1038/4381095a

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World Year of Physics: A direct test of E=mc2 p1096
Simon Rainville, James K. Thompson, Edmund G. Myers, John M. Brown, Maynard S. Dewey, Ernest G. Kessler, Jr, Richard D. Deslattes, Hans G. Börner, Michael Jentschel, Paolo Mutti and David E. Pritchard

doi:10.1038/4381096a

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Chemical communication: Chirality in elephant pheromones p1097
David R. Greenwood, Dan Comeskey, Martin B. Hunt and L. Elizabeth L. Rasmussen

doi:10.1038/4381097a

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Top of pageBrief Communications Arising
Meteorology: Are there trends in hurricane destruction? pE11
Roger A. Pielke, Jr

doi:10.1038/nature04426

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Meteorology: Hurricanes and global warming pE11
Christopher W. Landsea

doi:10.1038/nature04477

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Meteorology: Emanuel replies pE13
Kerry Emanuel

doi:10.1038/nature04427

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Top of pageReview
An Asian perspective on early human dispersal from Africa p1099
Robin Dennell and Wil Roebroeks

doi:10.1038/nature04259

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Top of pageArticles
Sequencing of Aspergillus nidulans and comparative analysis with A. fumigatus and A. oryzae p1105
James E. Galagan, Sarah E. Calvo, Christina Cuomo, Li-Jun Ma, Jennifer R. Wortman, Serafim Batzoglou, Su-In Lee, Meray Batürkmen, Christina C. Spevak, John Clutterbuck, Vladimir Kapitonov, Jerzy Jurka, Claudio Scazzocchio, Mark Farman, Jonathan Butler, Seth Purcell, Steve Harris, Gerhard H. Braus, Oliver Draht, Silke Busch, Christophe D'Enfert, Christiane Bouchier, Gustavo H. Goldman, Deborah Bell-Pedersen, Sam Griffiths-Jones, John H. Doonan, Jaehyuk Yu, Kay Vienken, Arnab Pain, Michael Freitag, Eric U. Selker, David B. Archer, Miguel Á. Peñalva, Berl R. Oakley, Michelle Momany, Toshihiro Tanaka, Toshitaka Kumagai, Kiyoshi Asai, Masayuki Machida, William C. Nierman, David W. Denning, Mark Caddick, Michael Hynes, Mathieu Paoletti, Reinhard Fischer, Bruce Miller, Paul Dyer, Matthew S. Sachs, Stephen A. Osmani and Bruce W. Birren

doi:10.1038/nature04341

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Regulation of HP1–chromatin binding by histone H3 methylation and phosphorylation p1116
Wolfgang Fischle, Boo Shan Tseng, Holger L. Dormann, Beatrix M. Ueberheide, Benjamin A. Garcia, Jeffrey Shabanowitz, Donald F. Hunt, Hironori Funabiki and C. David Allis

doi:10.1038/nature04219

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (878K) | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Eissenberg & Elgin
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Impact origin of sediments at the Opportunity landing site on Mars p1123
L. Paul Knauth, Donald M. Burt and Kenneth H. Wohletz

doi:10.1038/nature04383

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Top of pageLetters
A volcanic environment for bedrock diagenesis at Meridiani Planum on Mars p1129
Thomas M. McCollom and Brian M. Hynek

doi:10.1038/nature04390

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Light echoes from ancient supernovae in the Large Magellanic Cloud p1132
Armin Rest, Nicholas B. Suntzeff, Knut Olsen, Jose Luis Prieto, R. Chris Smith, Douglas L. Welch, Andrew Becker, Marcel Bergmann, Alejandro Clocchiatti, Kem Cook, Arti Garg, Mark Huber, Gajus Miknaitis, Dante Minniti, Sergei Nikolaev and Christopher Stubbs

doi:10.1038/nature04365

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Extremely slow Drude relaxation of correlated electrons p1135
Marc Scheffler, Martin Dressel, Martin Jourdan and Hermann Adrian

doi:10.1038/nature04232

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Global estimate of aerosol direct radiative forcing from satellite measurements p1138
Nicolas Bellouin, Olivier Boucher, Jim Haywood and M. Shekar Reddy

doi:10.1038/nature04348

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Anisotropy of Earth's D" layer and stacking faults in the MgSiO3 post-perovskite phase p1142
Artem R. Oganov, Roman Martoák, Alessandro Laio, Paolo Raiteri and Michele Parrinello

doi:10.1038/nature04439

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The pelvic fin and girdle of Panderichthys and the origin of tetrapod locomotion p1145
Catherine A. Boisvert

doi:10.1038/nature04119

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Dance reveals symmetry especially in young men p1148
William M. Brown, Lee Cronk, Keith Grochow, Amy Jacobson, C. Karen Liu, Zoran Popovi and Robert Trivers

doi:10.1038/nature04344

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Genomic sequence of the pathogenic and allergenic filamentous fungus Aspergillus fumigatus p1151
William C. Nierman, Arnab Pain, Michael J. Anderson, Jennifer R. Wortman, H. Stanley Kim, Javier Arroyo, Matthew Berriman, Keietsu Abe, David B. Archer, Clara Bermejo, Joan Bennett, Paul Bowyer, Dan Chen, Matthew Collins, Richard Coulsen, Robert Davies, Paul S. Dyer, Mark Farman, Nadia Fedorova, Natalie Fedorova, Tamara V. Feldblyum, Reinhard Fischer, Nigel Fosker, Audrey Fraser, Jose L. García, Maria J. García, Arlette Goble, Gustavo H. Goldman, Katsuya Gomi, Sam Griffith-Jones, Ryan Gwilliam, Brian Haas, Hubertus Haas, David Harris, H. Horiuchi, Jiaqi Huang, Sean Humphray, Javier Jiménez, Nancy Keller, Hoda Khouri, Katsuhiko Kitamoto, Tetsuo Kobayashi, Sven Konzack, Resham Kulkarni, Toshitaka Kumagai, Anne Lafton, Jean-Paul Latgé, Weixi Li, Angela Lord, Charles Lu, William H. Majoros, Gregory S. May, Bruce L. Miller, Yasmin Mohamoud, Maria Molina, Michel Monod, Isabelle Mouyna, Stephanie Mulligan, Lee Murphy, Susan O'Neil, Ian Paulsen, Miguel A. Peñalva, Mihaela Pertea, Claire Price, Bethan L. Pritchard, Michael A. Quail, Ester Rabbinowitsch, Neil Rawlins, Marie-Adele Rajandream, Utz Reichard, Hubert Renauld, Geoffrey D. Robson, Santiago Rodriguez de Córdoba, Jose M. Rodríguez-Peña, Catherine M. Ronning, Simon Rutter, Steven L. Salzberg, Miguel Sanchez, Juan C. Sánchez-Ferrero, David Saunders, Kathy Seeger, Rob Squares, Steven Squares, Michio Takeuchi, Fredj Tekaia, Geoffrey Turner, Carlos R. Vazquez de Aldana, Janice Weidman, Owen White, John Woodward, Jae-Hyuk Yu, Claire Fraser, James E. Galagan, Kiyoshi Asai, Masayuki Machida, Neil Hall, Bart Barrell and David W. Denning

doi:10.1038/nature04332

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (1,169K) | Supplementary information

See also: Editor's summary
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Genome sequencing and analysis of Aspergillus oryzae p1157
Masayuki Machida, Kiyoshi Asai, Motoaki Sano, Toshihiro Tanaka, Toshitaka Kumagai, Goro Terai, Ken-Ichi Kusumoto, Toshihide Arima, Osamu Akita, Yutaka Kashiwagi, Keietsu Abe, Katsuya Gomi, Hiroyuki Horiuchi, Katsuhiko Kitamoto, Tetsuo Kobayashi, Michio Takeuchi, David W. Denning, James E. Galagan, William C. Nierman, Jiujiang Yu, David B. Archer, Joan W. Bennett, Deepak Bhatnagar, Thomas E. Cleveland, Natalie D. Fedorova, Osamu Gotoh, Hiroshi Horikawa, Akira Hosoyama, Masayuki Ichinomiya, Rie Igarashi, Kazuhiro Iwashita, Praveen Rao Juvvadi, Masashi Kato, Yumiko Kato, Taishin Kin, Akira Kokubun, Hiroshi Maeda, Noriko Maeyama, Jun-ichi Maruyama, Hideki Nagasaki, Tasuku Nakajima, Ken Oda, Kinya Okada, Ian Paulsen, Kazutoshi Sakamoto, Toshihiko Sawano, Mikio Takahashi, Kumiko Takase, Yasunobu Terabayashi, Jennifer R. Wortman, Osamu Yamada, Youhei Yamagata, Hideharu Anazawa, Yoji Hata, Yoshinao Koide, Takashi Komori, Yasuji Koyama, Toshitaka Minetoki, Sivasundaram Suharnan, Akimitsu Tanaka, Katsumi Isono, Satoru Kuhara, Naotake Ogasawara and Hisashi Kikuchi

doi:10.1038/nature04300

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (292K) | Supplementary information

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NMDA receptors are expressed in oligodendrocytes and activated in ischaemia p1162
Ragnhildur Káradóttir, Pauline Cavelier, Linda H. Bergersen and David Attwell

doi:10.1038/nature04302

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (1,009K) | Supplementary information

See also: Editor's summary
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NMDA receptors are expressed in developing oligodendrocyte processes and mediate injury p1167
Michael G. Salter and Robert Fern

doi:10.1038/nature04301

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (539K) | Supplementary information

See also: Editor's summary
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WUSCHEL controls meristem function by direct regulation of cytokinin-inducible response regulators p1172
Andrea Leibfried, Jennifer P. C. To, Wolfgang Busch, Sandra Stehling, Andreas Kehle, Monika Demar, Joseph J. Kieber and Jan U. Lohmann

doi:10.1038/nature04270

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (304K) | Supplementary information

See also: Editor's summary
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Histone H3 serine 10 phosphorylation by Aurora B causes HP1 dissociation from heterochromatin p1176
Toru Hirota, Jesse J. Lipp, Ban-Hock Toh and Jan-Michael Peters

doi:10.1038/nature04254

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (468K) | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Eissenberg & Elgin
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Double chromodomains cooperate to recognize the methylated histone H3 tail p1181
John F. Flanagan, Li-Zhi Mi, Maksymilian Chruszcz, Marcin Cymborowski, Katrina L. Clines, Youngchang Kim, Wladek Minor, Fraydoon Rastinejad and Sepideh Khorasanizadeh

doi:10.1038/nature04290

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (501K) | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Eissenberg & Elgin
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Top of pageNaturejobs
Prospect
Meeting pay-offs p1187
Ways to help justify conference travel.

Paul Smaglik

doi:10.1038/nj7071-1187a

Full Text | PDF (141K)
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Top of pageFutures
The Quantum before Christmas p1190
In search of the sanity clause.

Henry Gee

doi:10.1038/4381190a

Full Text | PDF (343K)
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